RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Spain has been severely affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, with 195,944 persons infected and 20,453 deaths at the time of writing. Older people with respiratory or cardiac conditions are most at risk. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to compare respiratory symptoms in nursing home residents and patients with uncontrolled asthma, who are considered vulnerable to COVID-19.METHODS: We studied 134 nursing home residents and 139 patients with uncontrolled asthma, groups vulnerable to COVID-19. Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, out-comes, key laboratory results, and radiological images were collected from medical records. COVID-19 infection was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).RESULTS: Thirteen (9.3%) patients with uncontrolled asthma, all receiving inhaled corticoste-roids were infected by COVID-19. Eighty (60%) nursing home residents were infected; only 28, all of whom had received inhaled corticosteroids, had a good prognosis CONCLUSIONS: Early treatment with inhaled corticosteroids may be helpful in COVID-19 infection. Persons with an allergy might have some protective mechanisms against coronavirus
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Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Internato não Médico/estatística & dados numéricos , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Coronavirus/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Pandemias , Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Administração por Inalação , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
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Assuntos
Humanos , Desinfetantes/química , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Aldeídos/classificação , Aldeídos/farmacologia , Produtos com Ação Antimicrobiana , Microbiologia Ambiental , Controle e Fiscalização de Saneantes , Formaldeído/farmacologia , Glutaral/farmacologia , o-Ftalaldeído/farmacologia , Fatores de Tempo , Avaliação de DanosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Since effective treatment against HIV has become available, HIV infection surveillance is focussed not only on AIDS cases, but also on new cases of HIV infection. One of the methods used for this task is compilation of case records. We report the results of 18 years of recording information on new diagnoses of HIV (1985-2002) in the area of Salamanca (Spain). METHODS: Our report system is based on active monitoring of results from the microbiology laboratory of the Salamanca Health Area. All patients testing positive in HIV analytical studies and who had not been previously diagnosed as HIV-infected are included in the report system. RESULTS: A total of 188 579 analytical results were studied. We found 16,772 (9.23%) HIV-positive results, 1984 of which were new HIV infection diagnoses. The incidence for the entire period was 556 cases/100,000 inhabitants. The highest incidence was found in 1992 (62.2 cases/100,000), with a progressive decrease thereafter to 2002 (5.18/100,000). Among the total, 75.3% of patients were men between 20 and 39 years old and more than half (62.2%) were intravenous drug users. Over the period studied, there has been an increase in the age of patients at the time of diagnosis, a trend to increases in the number of cases acquired through heterosexual transmission and a reduction in the number of drug users. During the study period, 312 AIDS cases were declared. CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological information systems for HIV surveillance are essential to know the features, magnitude and evolution of the epidemic. Creation of a national HIV infection surveillance system to compile the information from smaller regional or local organisms would contribute substantially to our understanding of the epidemiology and evolution of HIV infection.
